Jewish background, not Pharisaic, but different. Indeed, Paul himself reproaches the Jews, “It is not those who hear the law who are righteous in the sight of God, but those who do it (hoi poiētai nomou) who will be justified” (Rom 2:13). This is, of course, not the only instance of such Palestinian non-Pharisaic Jewish influence in Paul’s writings. We may gather together other evidence of a different Jewish influence under the following
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